Governance Reference Documents

• Indian Government Support Programs
• Tools for Governance
• Costing Studies
• AANDC Backgrounders
• Other Resources for Governance
• Regional Breakdown by Gender of Chiefs and Councillors

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Indian Government Support Programs

Band Advisory Services, Band Employee Benefits, Band Support Funding, Professional and Institutional Development, and Tribal Council Funding.

• Program Descriptions & Program Policies
• 2009 Proposal to Redesign the Program

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Tools for Governance

• Governance Tools for Communities
• Governance Tools for Institutions

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Costing Studies

• PriceWaterhouse – Study on the Cost of the Legislative Components of Governance   – September 16, 1997     
  
  
• PriceWaterhouseCoopers – A Comparative Analysis of INAC Funding for the Five Large First Nations and All Other First Nations in Ontario - 2006    
  
  
• Maslove, Allan M. – An Approach to Costing Core Government for First Nations – June 2008
  
  
• Fiscal Realities Economists – The True Cost of First Nation Government
  
  
• Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada – Funding of First Nations Basic Services: Cost Drivers Project - Indian Government Support Programs
  
  
• Elias Karagiannis, Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada – The Cost of Government in Small Size Municipalities - September 30, 2003 

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AANDC Backgrounders

• Allegations and Complaints
  
  
• Canadian Human Rights Act - Repeal of Section 67
  
  
• The Exploratory Process on Indian Registration, Band Membership and Citizenship
  
  
• Fact Sheet - Taxation by Aboriginal Governments
  
  
• Highlights from the Royal Commission Report on Aboriginal Peoples
  
  
• Indian Act Elections
  
  
• Program Compliance
  
  
• Remuneration of Elected Officials in First Nation Communities
  
  
• Self-Government

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Other Resources for Governance

Aboriginal Financial Officers Association of Canada (AFOA)  

Aboriginal Financial Officers Association Of Alberta  

Aboriginal Financial Officers Association of British Columbia  

Aboriginal Financial Officers Association of Manitoba  

Aboriginal Financial Officers Association of Saskatchewan  

British Columbia First Nations Public Service Initiative (FNPSI)   

CESO  

First Nations in British Columbia Portal - Leadership & Governance   

First Nations Fiscal and Statistical Management Act Institutions

• First Nations Finance Authority  
• First Nations Financial Management Board (FMB)  
• First Nations Statistical Institute  
• First Nations Tax Commission (FNTC)  

Governance Development Network   

Institute on Governance   

Global Development Research Center   

Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development at Harvard University and the Native Nations Institute   

• The Concept of Governance and its Implication for First Nations  

National Centre for First Nations Governance   

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 

• UNDP Supporting Capacity Development   
• Governance for sustainable human development : A UNDP policy document (1997)  

The World Bank

• Publications and Research - Governance   

 

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Every year, hundreds of First Nations communities hold their elections according to one of these three methods: in accordance with the election provisions of the Indian Act, under a community-designed or custom election code; or by selecting leaders pursuant to constitutions contained in their self-government agreements. The Regional Breakdown by Gender Summary Chart – April 1, 2012 shows the current gender breakdown for all First Nations communities across Canada, notwithstanding their election method selection as of April 1, 2012. This chart will be updated periodically to reflect the dynamics of elections over the years.

Regional Breakdown by Gender of Chiefs and Councillors [Note 1]
April 1, 2012 [Note 2]

Region	Male Chiefs	Female Chiefs	Male Councillors	Female Councillors
Atlantic	24	8	142	50
(Prince Edward Island)	(1)	(1)	(4)	(1)
(New Brunswick)	(11)	(3)	(60)	(26)
(Newfoundland/Labrador)	(3)	(0)	(11)	(5)
(Nova Scotia)	(9)	(4)	(67)	(18)
Alberta	35	3	148	32
British Columbia	147	45	463	277
Manitoba	55	5	203	49
Northwest Territories	8	1	14	14
Ontario	95	33	422	172
Québec	33	8	120	67
Saskatchewan	61	8	329	88
Yukon	12	3	25	31
Summary [Note 3]	470	114	1,866	780

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Footnotes:

1. This chart reflects information pertaining to First Nations whose elections are held in accordance with the election provisions of the Indian Act (240), leadership selection processes or “custom” elections (341) as well as those who operate under a legislated Self-Government agreement (36) in Canada. (return to source paragraph)
2. Information is accurate as of April 1, 2012 and will be updated quarterly. (return to source paragraph)
3. The discrepancy between total of number of Chiefs shown and number of bands (617) may be attributed to any of the following factors: First Nations leadership is unascertainable as a result of a governance dispute; position of Chief is vacant as a result of death, resignation, removal from office or a set aside of the election results; expiry of term of office pending conduct of election or leadership selection process; or results of elections or leadership selection processes not yet forwarded to the Department and recorded. (return to source paragraph)