In March 2006, the Government of Canada announced a Plan of Action for Drinking Water in First Nations Communities to ensure that all First Nation reserves have access to safe drinking water. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada secured $60 million over two years from Budget 2006 to help reach the objectives of the Plan of Action for Drinking Water in First Nations Communities. In Budget 2008, the government increased and renewed its commitment by investing $330 million over two years to improve access to safe drinking water in First Nation communities through new measures outlined in the First Nations Water and Wastewater Action Plan (FNWWAP). Budget 2010 provided an additional $330 million over two years to extend FNWWAP until 2012.

Canada's 2009 Economic Action Plan  included a total of $515 million in investments from April 2009 to March 2011 for First Nations community infrastructure projects. Of this investment, $183 million[Note 1] will go towards building or upgrading 18 water and wastewater infrastructure projects on reserves. These accelerated projects will provide reliable water facilities which are essential to the health and safety of First Nations communities. A list of the water and wastewater projects receiving funding under Canada's Economic Action Plan is included in Appendix B.

The first Progress Report was tabled in Parliament on December 7, 2006. Subsequent Progress Reports were tabled in Parliament in March 2007, January 2008 and June 2009. This report is the fifth in a series of updates on ongoing water progress in First Nation communities.

As part of the Government of Canada's commitment to provide updates on the progress of water initiatives for First Nations communities, the following information highlights changes since March 2009:

• Only 3 of the original 21 priority communities identified in March 2006 continue to be deemed as having high risk drinking water systems. The number of priority communities from 2006 to present are indicated in Figure 1 on page 4;
  
  
• The number of high-risk drinking water systems has increased from 48 to 49 in the past year, but this number is significantly below the193 identified in 2006, as shown in Figure 2 on page 4;
  
  
• In 2009, 11 additional Circuit Rider Trainers were hired. There are currently 65 Circuit Rider Trainers providing operation and maintenance support to First Nations water operators;
  
  
• The number of water treatment operators with their first level of certification or greater, has decreased from 64% to 60%, representing 683 out of the 1,140 water and wastewater system operators across the country;
  
  
• Improvements have been made to the existing water protocol, and Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) has finalized new protocols for wastewater treatment and decentralized systems;
  
   
• A national assessment of existing water and wastewater systems that provide services to First Nation communities was launched in 2009 and is expected to be completed by the fall 2010;
  
  
• All First Nations on reserve south of 60° now have access to trained personnel (either First Nation or Health Canada staff) to sample and test drinking water quality at the tap;
  
  
• The EKOS report on Water Quality On-Reserve Quantitative Research published in 2009, states that 70% of First Nations residents viewed their tap water supply as safe while 62% did so in 2007;
  
  
• The National Framework for the Review of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Project Proposals in First Nations Communities has been updatedto ensure relevant standards and guidelines are met prior to project approval. Health Canada has also developed Guidelines for the Review of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Project Proposals in First Nations Communities South of 60°;
  
  
• A variety of public awareness materials have been developed such as: a calendar and youth awareness booklet of short water stories from children; materials on well inspections and the importance of secondary disinfection; and, drinking water advisory communication products that provide clear information about what residents should do to protect their health if a drinking water advisory has been issued in a community;
  
  
• The Government of Canada is moving forward with consultations on the development of a regulatory regime to oversee water quality on reserve. In fall/winter 2009-2010, the federal government met with First Nation organizations to discuss specific regional issues regarding the federal legislative proposal. These regional issues were raised during the engagement sessions held in winter 2009, and through impact analyses and correspondence.

Figure 1: 21 Priority Communities - Progress 2006 to 2010.

*A priority community is defined as a community that had both a high-risk drinking water system and a drinking water advisory in place at the time of the Minister's March 2006 announcement.

Figure 1 graph shows the number of priority communities from 2006 to present. As can be seen, only 3 of the original 21 priority communities identified in March 2006 continue to be deemed as having high risk drinking water systems. A priority community is defined as a community that had both a high-risk drinking water system and a drinking water advisory in place at the time of the Minister's March 2006 announcement.

Figure 2: Status of high-risk drinking water systems in First Nation communities – Progress 2006 to 2010.

*A high-risk drinking water system is defined as a system that has major deficiencies in several aspects, such as water source, design, operation, reporting and operator training or certification. Should a problem arise in one of those areas, the system is unlikely to be able to compensate, thus there is a high probability that any problem could result in unsafe water.

Figure 2 graph shows the number of high-risk drinking water systems has increased from 48 to 49 in the past year, but this number is significantly below the193 identified in 2006. A high-risk drinking water system is defined as a system that has major deficiencies in several aspects, such as water source, design, operation, reporting and operator training or certification. Should a problem arise in one of those areas, the system is unlikely to be able to compensate, thus there is a high probability that any problem could result in unsafe water.

Figure 3: Status of high-risk wastewater systems in First Nation communities - Progress 2007 to 2010.

*A high-risk wastewater system is defined as a system that has major deficiencies in several aspects such as effluent receiver, design, operation, reporting and operator training or certification. Should a problem arise in one of those areas, the system is unlikely to be able to compensate, thus there is a high probability that any problem could result in direct discharge of untreated wastewater to the environment.

Figure 3 graph shows that in March 2007, there were 67 high-risk wastewater treatment systems in First Nation communities. This number has decreased to 61 in March 2010. In the past few years, the Department has focused the majority of its efforts on addressing high-risk drinking water systems as opposed to wastewater systems, as the former are most likely to have a direct impact on health and safety. Appropriate measures are taken to address wastewater issues as they arise. A high-risk wastewater system is defined as a system that has major deficiencies in several aspects such as effluent receiver, design, operation, reporting and operator training or certification. Should a problem arise in one of those areas, the system is unlikely to be able to compensate, thus there is a high probability that any problem could result in direct discharge of untreated wastewater to the environment.

The Government of Canada is committed to helping First Nations in the provision of safe, clean, and reliable drinking water. To achieve this goal, the Government of Canada provides funding and advice to First Nations to assist in the management and operation of water systems.

Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) provides advice and funding assistance for the design, construction, operation and maintenance of water and wastewater systems. It also provides funding for the training and certification of water system operators. In 2009-2010 the Department invested approximately $350 million for the upgrading of water and wastewater infrastructure on reserves and for the maintenance and operation of the facilities, including training for First Nation operators. This amount includes funding from Canada's Economic Action Plan.

Health Canada works with First Nation communities south of 60° to identify potential drinking water quality problems, including: verification monitoring of the overall quality of drinking water, and reviewing, interpreting and disseminating results to First Nations; providing advice, guidance and recommendations about drinking water safety and safe disposal of onsite domestic sewage; and reviewing water and wastewater infrastructure project proposals from a public health perspective.

Environment Canada provides advice and guidance material in the areas of source water protection and sustainable water use.

First Nations are responsible for the daily operation and management of their systems, which includes the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and monitoring of their water systems. First Nations' authorities issue Drinking Water Advisories (DWAs) in First Nation communities, usually on the recommendation of Health Canada, or on their own initiative in emergency situations.

Plan of Action for Drinking Water in First Nations Communities

On March 21, 2006 the Minister of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, along with the National Chief of the Assembly of First Nations, announced a Plan of Action for Drinking Water in First Nations Communities. This action plan examined the multi-barrier approach of the First Nations Water Management Strategy, and placed added emphasis and action on expanding upon the key points that would have the most impact on reducing the risk ranking of water systems in First Nation communities. In addition, these activities would also address the recommendations made by the Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development.

In the Plan of Action, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada committed to the following activities:

• Issuing a clear protocol on water standards;
  
  
• Ensuring mandatory training and oversight of water systems by certified operators;
  
  
• Addressing the drinking water concerns of all high-risk drinking water systems, starting with 21 priority communities that had both a high-risk drinking water system and a drinking water advisory in place as of March 21, 2006;
  
  
• Creating an expert panel to provide options for a regulatory regime for drinking water on reserve; and,
  
  
• Committing to future reporting on the progress of the Plan of Action for Drinking Water in First Nations Communities.

First Nations Water and Wastewater Action Plan

Building on the progress made under the Plan of Action for Drinking Water in First Nations Communities, on April 15, 2008, the Government of Canada announced a $330 million two year investment in the First Nations Water and Wastewater Action Plan (FNWWAP). Budget 2010 provided an additional $330 million over two years to extend FNWWAP until 2012.

The FNWWAP extends most elements of the March 2006 Plan of Action including:

• Enhanced drinking water quality monitoring in accordance with the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ);
  
  
• Investments in water and wastewater facilities;
  
  
• Investments in the on-going operations and maintenance of water and wastewater systems; and
  
  
• Funding for third party water and wastewater systems operation under the Safe Water Operations Program, when required.

The FNWWAP also introduced several enhancements, including:

• A national assessment to determine the state of existing water and wastewater systems that provide services to First Nation communities. The assessment will propose solutions for every First Nation community in Canada;
  
  
• Consultations on a new federal legislative framework for safe drinking water;
  
  
• Doubling the funding for the Circuit Rider Training Program in an effort to increase the number of Circuit Rider trainers;
  
  
• Modification of existing policies and development of a protocol to facilitate investments in small water systems such as individual and community wells, trucked water, septic systems or agreements with neighboring municipalities to buy or provide water/wastewater services;
  
   
• Investments in a National Wastewater Program whereby Health Canada will be inspecting community wastewater infrastructure project proposals from a public health perspective, inspecting community and onsite wastewater systems, monitoring wastewater effluent if there is a public health threat, providing advice on system decommissioning, and delivering public education and awareness activities;
  
  
• Implementation of public awareness initiatives targeting First Nation leaders, administrators, and community members, which includes instructions on how to visually inspect and prevent contamination of individual wells;
  
  
• Renewal of the integrated review process for water and wastewater infrastructure project proposals in First Nation communities; and,
  
  
• Development of procedures to address waterborne illnesses.

The first Progress Report was tabled in Parliament on December 7, 2006. Subsequent Progress Reports were tabled in Parliament in March 2007, January 2008 and June 2009. This report is the fifth in a series of updates on ongoing water progress in First Nation communities.

The following section outlines recent action with respect to the First Nation Water and Wastewater Action Plan from April 2009 to March 2010.

Protocols

The Department has finalized the Protocol for Centralised Wastewater Systems in First Nations Communities and the Protocol for Decentralised Water and Wastewater Systems in First Nations Communities.

The Protocol for Safe Drinking Water in First Nations Communities was issued in 2006. The Protocol for Safe Drinking Water in First Nations Communities contains standards for design, construction, operation, maintenance, and monitoring of drinking water systems in First Nations communities. Since its publication, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada completed a series of workshops with First Nations across the country to obtain feedback on the department's water protocols. Based on this feedback and comments from other stakeholders, the Department has updated the Protocol for Safe Drinking Water in First Nations Communities. The revised version renamed Protocol for Centralised Drinking Water Systems in First Nations Communities builds on the experience of four years of implementation, is more complete, and is more appropriate for implementation in First Nation communities.

Ensuring Oversight of Water Systems by Certified Operators

Funding is provided to First Nations and First Nations technical organizations for the training of operators, the provision of certified oversight for facilities without certified operators, and for support to the Circuit Rider Training Program (CRTP). Since March 2009, the number of First Nations drinking water treatment operators with the first level of certification or greater has decreased from 64% to 60% of all water and wastewater treatment operators. This decrease may be attributed to the reporting methodology, as well as the turnover rate of operators (e.g. First Nation operators seeking work opportunities off-reserve).

The CRTP is a mentoring program to help First Nations operators properly operate and maintain their water and wastewater systems to ensure the provision of safe water and compliance with applicable standards. Circuit rider trainers (CRTs) provide on-site, hands-on training to First Nations' operators on an as-needed basis. CRTs also support 24-hour hotlines, which operators can rely on for advice both during normal operations as well as during emergencies.

The Department has increased funding to hire more CRT's to ensure CRTP services are available to all First Nations communities.  In 2009, 11 additional Circuit Rider Trainers were hired, bringing the total number of CRT's to 65 who are collectively providing operation and maintenance support to First Nations water operators.

When the support of the CRTP is deemed insufficient by itself to ensure safe drinking water, direct third-party oversight is provided through the Safe Water Operations Program. In some areas, Circuit Rider Trainers provide the Safe Water Operations Program oversight while in others, it is undertaken by private sector service providers.

CRTP is provided through a variety of service providers (private companies, tribal councils, First Nations technical organizations). The CRTPs often get involved in helping First Nations to co-ordinate the certification training of their systems operators. Sometimes, they provide advice to Chiefs and Councils helping them understand their responsibilities with respect to management and operation of their water systems. INAC also assisted in the establishment of the Circuit Rider Trainers Professional Association in March 2009. This Association has created a network of CRTPs to share best practices, training materials, and provide mutual support.

Both the Circuit Rider Training Program and the Safe Water Operations Program are being carefully coordinated to ensure the maximum benefit and oversight coverage for First Nations. As such, the combination of both the improved Circuit Rider Training Program, as well as the availability of the Safe Water Operations Program, is improving the capacity to mentor First Nations operators and to providing emergency and oversight support. This is helping to address risk ranking issues related to the operation of water systems, and providing safe drinking water on a more consistent basis.

Addressing High-Risk Drinking Water Systems, Starting with 21 Priority Communities

Improving drinking water systems identified as high risk will help to provide safe drinking water in First Nation communities. Reducing the risk level of a water system can be accomplished by addressing the deficiencies at any of the barriers, notably at the water source, the design of the system, the operation of the system, the training of the operator, and the monitoring and record keeping related to the system.

As of March 2010, only three of the original 21 priority communities remain on the list. Northwest Angle No. 37 in Ontario was removed in 2009 from the Priority Communities Category. The system is no longer high-risk since the Safe Water Operations Program is now providing oversight and on-site mentorship and ensuring the optimal operation of the water treatment system.

 INAC continues to work with the remaining three priority communities to address the outstanding issues. The three communities, Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg, Quebec, Shoal Lake No. 40, Ontario, and Muskrat Dam Lake, Ontario require design and construction/upgrades to their water systems. The detailed progress for each of the 21 priority communities can be found in Appendix A. Progress since 2006 is summarized in Figure 1 (page 4).

As of March 2010, there were 49 identified high-risk drinking water systems, an increase of 1 since March 2009 but well below the193 identified in 2006. While the number of high-risk drinking water systems decreased in some regions, inspection reports of water treatment plants, as required under the protocol, have identified high-risk systems in areas that previously did not have high-risk systems.

As previously mentioned, the 21 priority communities were the first to have remedial plans implemented out of all the communities with either high-risk drinking water systems or drinking water advisories. In March 2006, there were 149 First Nation communities in addition to the 21 priority communities that also had one or more high-risk community drinking water systems. There were also another 54 communities that had one or more drinking water advisories. In all, this meant that there were a total of 224 First Nations communities that had water issues that needed to be addressed.

Work on assisting these communities to address their water issues has progressed very well in recent years. As of February 2010, 132 First Nation communities have water issues that need to be addressed, a drop of 92 communities over the past four years.

Addressing High-Risk Wastewater Treatment Systems

In March 2007, there were 67 high-risk wastewater treatment systems in First Nation communities. This number has decreased to 61 in March 2010. In the past few years, the Department has focused the majority of its efforts on addressing high-risk drinking water systems as opposed to wastewater systems, as the former are most likely to have a direct impact on health and safety. Appropriate measures are taken to address wastewater issues as they arise.

Health Canada has developed a National Environmental Public Health Program Framework and one of the activities related to wastewater is to inspect community and onsite wastewater disposal systems upon request or if there is a public health threat.

In addition, the Protocol for Centralised Wastewater Systems in First Nations Communities will be implemented in 2010 and will be harmonized with the proposed Canada-wide Municipal Wastewater Effluent regulations. Furthermore, an independent national assessment will be completed in 2010 and will identify the level of risk for all wastewater systems on reserves and propose solutions for the safe disposal of wastewater.

Drinking Water and Wastewater:

The Government of Canada has increased its own capacity and the capacity of First Nation communities to sample and test drinking water quality at the tap in order to protect public health. All First Nations communities now have access to either a trained Community Based Water Monitor (CBWM) or an Environmental Health Officer to sample and test tap drinking water quality. As of December 2009, 92% of communities had access to portable test kits for on-site bacteriological analysis of drinking water, up from 56% in 2002. In 2009, 42% of piped systems met the recommended weekly monitoring for bacteriological parameters, compared to 29% in 2002. Compliance for chemical testing is higher, with 71% of piped systems being tested annually as recommended by the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality. Overall, perceptions of First Nations residents' around the safety of water supply have improved. In 2002, 62% of First Nations residents viewed their tap water supply as safe while 70% did so in 2009.

A variety of public awareness materials have been developed such as: a calendar and youth awareness booklet of short water stories from children, materials on well inspections and the importance of secondary disinfection, and drinking water advisory communication products which include public service announcements, posters and door hangers that provide clear information about what residents should do to protect their health if a drinking water advisory has been issued in a community.

Health Canada developed Guidelines for the Design, Installation, Maintenance and Decommissioning of Drinking Water Cisterns in First Nations Communities South of 60° and Guidelines for Trucked Drinking Water Delivery in First Nations Communities South of 60° to provide guidance from a public health perspective to Chiefs and Councils, water users and water haulers in First Nations communities.

Since 2003, while more drinking water advisories have been issued in First Nations communities overall, these advisories have been resolved in about one-tenth the time it took before 2003 (median duration of advisories in effect was 307 days before 2003 and 35 days since 2003). After 2003, the percentage of advisories in effect for 7-12 months dropped from 14% to 7% and those remaining in effect for more than a year dropped from 43% to 24%. INAC and Health Canada are collaborating to reduce the number of long-term advisories that remain in effect.

Based on the National Framework for the review of infrastructure project proposals, in 2008-09, Health Canada reviewed 24 water and wastewater project proposals from a public health perspective which included British-Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec and the Atlantic regions.

As part of the National Wastewater Program, Health Canada completed and implemented a program framework, and during the first year of the program (2008-09), inspected at least 1,151 new and existing onsite sewage disposal systems and 136 community wastewater systems through its Environmental Health Officers.

From May to July, 2008, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada officials, in collaboration with Health Canada, conducted information sharing sessions with regional First Nation organizations, as well as provincial and territorial government officials, in order to prepare for future engagement sessions with respect to the potential development of a legislative framework for drinking water and wastewater in First Nation communities. Officials from Environment Canada and the Assembly of First Nations attended many of these sessions. The information sharing sessions generated positive interest from regional First Nation organizations, First Nation communities and provincial/territorial officials.

In February-March 2009, the federal government held engagement sessions as part of a consultation process with First Nations, regional First Nations organizations, as well as provincial/territorial governments across Canada, on the proposed development of a legislative and regulatory framework for drinking water and wastewater in First Nation communities.

Discussions during the sessions were focused on the federal government's proposed option of incorporating by reference (reproducing) existing provincial/territorial regulations and adapting them, as required, to meet the needs of First Nation communities.

Those not attending the sessions were invited to submit written comments on a legislative framework. In addition, support was provided to regional First Nation organizations to develop regional impact analyses.

In fall/winter 2009-2010, the federal government met with First Nation organizations to discuss specific regional issues regarding the federal legislative proposal. These regional issues were raised during the engagement sessions held earlier in winter 2009, and through impact analyses and correspondence.

The government will continue to work with First Nations, First Nations organizations and provincial/territorial governments with respect to next steps towards the development of a legislative and regulatory framework to oversee water quality in First Nation communities.

Canada's Economic Action Plan (Budget 2009) included a total of $515 million over two years for First Nations community infrastructure projects. Of this investment, $183 million[Note 1] is being invested in building or upgrading 18 water and wastewater infrastructure projects on reserves. These accelerated projects will provide reliable water facilities which are essential to the health and safety of First Nation communities. A list of these projects is provided in Appendix B.

Because drinking water advisories are an important preventive measure to protect public health, research conducted by Health Canada determined that the communication of drinking water advisories in First Nation communities must be improved. Based on this research, Health Canada, in collaboration with Indian and Northern Affairs Canada and First Nations stakeholders, developed the Procedure for Addressing Drinking Water Advisories in First Nations Communities South of 60° (Procedure). The Procedure was developed to provide guidance to Chiefs and Councils and other involved stakeholders on how to efficiently address the underlying cause(s) of a drinking water advisory after it has been issued. Communication and implementation of the Procedure to First Nation communities is underway. Information regarding drinking water advisories is available on Health Canada's  website.

Environment Canada has been providing information on federal requirements related to wastewater effluent quality and environmental protection. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada has been working closely with Environment Canada, following the work on the proposed Canada-wide Municipal Wastewater Effluent regulations, and has been drafting a Protocol for Centralised Wastewater Systems in First Nations Communities that will be harmonized with the regulations.

Together, these three departments have also produced, with the help of the Assembly of First Nations and other First Nations organizations, the Water is a Treasure school kit. The activities in this kit help increase awareness among First Nations children on the importance of clean and reliable drinking water, and encourage careers in the water sector. Water is a Treasure has been provided to Band, federal, or provincial operated schools nationwide, as well as Band Councils, Departments of Education, and various First Nation organizations.

The Government of Canada has continued to make progress towards improving water conditions on reserve. The First Nations Water and Wastewater Action Plan provides added measures to address water issues in First Nation communities, including an additional investment of $330 million for 2010-2012 for its continued implementation. The government is moving forward on that plan with tangible results. In addition, Canada's Economic Action Plan is providing $183 million of investment for building or upgrading 18 water and wastewater infrastructure projects on reserves. These accelerated projects will provide reliable water facilities which are essential to the health and safety of First Nation communities.

Action Taken

• Investments increased for addressing high-risk drinking water and wastewater systems.
  
  
• Feedback obtained from First Nations technical organizations on implementation of the Protocol for Safe Drinking Water in First Nations Communities (renamed Protocol for Centralised Drinking Water Systems in First Nation Communities).
  
  
• Finalization of the revised water protocol and new wastewater and decentralized systems protocols.
  
  
• Funding increased for hiring of more Circuit Rider Trainers.
  
  
• Engagement sessions, as part of a consultation process, held with First Nations, regional First Nations organizations and provincial and territorial governments, with respect to the proposed development of a legislative framework for drinking water and wastewater.
  
  
• Moving forward with the national engineering assessment of water and wastewater systems that provide services to First Nation communities.

Successful Results

• Reduction in the number of priority communities – only three of the identified 21 priority communities from 2006 remain on the list.
  
  
• Increased access to certified oversight of water systems.
  
  
• All First Nations on reserve south of 60° now have access to trained personnel to sample and test drinking water quality at tap.
  
  
• Hiring of 11 additional Circuit Rider Trainers to provide operation and maintenance support to First Nations water operators.
  
  
• Confidence in drinking water quality has increased; in 2009, 70% of First Nations residents viewed their tap water supply as safe while only 62% did so in 2007.

Future Action

• Continuing work to address high-risk drinking water and wastewater systems.
  
  
• Continuing to invest in training for certification of First Nations water and wastewater operators.
  
  
• Conducting awareness sessions with First Nations technical organizations on implementation of the revised water protocol and new wastewater and decentralized systems protocols.
  
  
• Completing a national assessment to review the current status of drinking water and wastewater systems providing services to First Nation communities and to look into alternative ways to provide safe drinking water to the entire community.
  
  
• Continuing the enhancement of the implementation of Health Canada's Drinking Water Safety Program in accordance with the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality.
  
  
• Continuing to work with First Nations to reduce and prevent potential public health risks associated with wastewater.
  
  
• Continuing the review of water and wastewater infrastructure project proposals from a public heath perspective.
  
  
• Continuing development of awareness/educational materials related to drinking water and wastewater.
  
  
• Continuing to work with First Nations, regional First Nations organizations, provinces and territories with respect to next steps towards the development of a legislative and regulatory framework for drinking water and wastewater in First Nation communities.
  
  
• Completion of 18 Water and Wastewater projects by March 2011.

The Government of Canada is committed to working in partnership with First Nations to increase confidence in the quality of drinking water. The investments in water and wastewater must be maintained and the facilities operated properly. This means making sure that all First Nations have the infrastructure, skills, information and support they need to manage their water effectively.

Atlantic

Pabineau

Pabineau, with a registered population of 227 people, 87 on reserve, is situated about 10 kilometres from Bathurst, New Brunswick. Its water problems date back to June 1, 2005 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of an equipment malfunction, which resulted in inadequate chlorination. INAC evaluated the system in 2006 and determined that it was poorly designed.

Progress to date: Pabineau has been removed from the Priority Community category. On September 14, 2006, an agreement was reached between the Chief and Council and INAC to install temporary individual treatment systems for each home and work towards the final solution of connecting to the municipal system of the city of Bathurst. INAC met with the First Nation on June 12, 2007 where it was agreed that all homes on reserve not meeting the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality would have individual treatment systems installed, both the homes on private wells and on the community system, and the pumphouse would be upgraded. The project is now complete and with the upgrades to the facility and the oversight of the operator in place, the risk level of the plant has been reduced from high to medium. The Department continues to work with the First Nation through the oversight contract to ensure all operation and maintenance items are being addressed such as adequate chlorine residual levels in the distribution system and adequate certification of the operator. Also, through a maintenance contract, regular disinfection of reverse osmosis units installed in the homes is completed. For the long term solution for the water system, a 36 hour pump test was completed to evaluate the potential yield and water quality of the aquifer.The test results indicated there is adequate quantity and quality in the existing well to service the entire community. The First Nation is no longer looking at connecting to the municipal system of the city of Bathurst and has submitted a proposal for the long term solution to construct a water standpipe and chlorination/filtration building at the top of the reserve using the existing well as a water source with a cost estimate of $6.6 million. A Project Brief Approval was signed off in January 2010 to move the project forward with $950,000 worth of work completed in 2009-10 including looping of one section of water main, fabrication of the standpipe, and completion of the design. The drinking water advisory will remain in place until the houses are all hooked up to the community system and old wells are decommissioned.

Woodstock

Woodstock, with a registered population of 813 people, 260 on reserve, is situated about five kilometres south of Woodstock, New Brunswick. Its water problems date back to March 1, 2005 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of inadequate chlorination resulting in unacceptable microbiological levels.

Progress to date: Woodstock has been removed from the Priority Community category. The risk level for this community has been reduced from high to medium due to the work that has been done. Houses in the community are not under a drinking water advisory. Since the installation of pre-filters and disinfection systems, there is no longer a drinking water advisory on the Woodstock Health Centre and canteen. However, the line is still on a drinking water advisory. In addition, the operator has achieved certification to the level of the plant. Work remains on the identification and development of an additional source for the lower part of the community.

Quebec

Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg

Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg, with a registered population of 2,743 people, 1,557 on reserve, is situated about 130 kilometres north of Gatineau/Ottawa, adjacent to the town of Maniwaki. Water problems were identified back in 1997.

Many homes and some community buildings are not connected to the community water distribution system of the Municipality of Maniwaki. These homes are serviced through individual wells which have been on a drinking water advisory since 1999 because of an unacceptable level of uranium in the groundwater. To address this problem, INAC provides funding for the purchase and distribution of bottled water.

Progress to date: Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg is still in the Priority Community category. The Municipality of Maniwaki completed upgrades on its community water system and since September 3, 2008, the quality of the drinking water distributed to Kitigan Zibi, Maniwaki and Déléage meets the provincial water regulation guidelines. Once a risk evaluation of the on-reserve drinking water distribution system is completed, the level of risk of the system should decrease. In 2008-2009, INAC financed the extension and connection of 16 additional homes to the water distribution system of the Municipality of Maniwaki. In 2009, Kitigan Zibi, in collaboration with INAC, undertook a feasibility study to explore solutions to connect more residences and community buildings to a community distribution system. The solution consists in the construction of a new water supply system, and an extension of drinking water networks to connect a major portion of the community. Although It is too expensive to connect certain remote dwellings in the reserve to the municipal water supply, INAC will continue to provide residents of these remote dwellings with bottled water for consumption and individual well water will be available for other uses.

The new water distribution network for Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg is one of the infrastructure projects included in the $1.4 billion investment for Aboriginal peoples under Canada's Economic Action Plan (see Appendix B). The project will include development of municipal water and wastewater networks for the urban portion of the community.

Ontario

Shoal Lake #40

Shoal Lake #40, with a registered population of 526 people, 254 on reserve, is situated near Kejick. Its water problems date back to Dec. 6, 2000 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of equipment malfunction resulting in inadequate chlorination. INAC evaluated the existing facilities and found that there have been problems with consistent operations dating back to 2000. Work started on May 5, 2003, when a project was initiated to construct a new water treatment plant, which will meet current regulations.

Progress to date: Shoal Lake #40 is still in the Priority Community category. The design phase of a new water servicing project, including a new treatment plant, has been approved and is in progress. Certified oversight, which would result in a lower risk ranking for the community, has been offered to the First Nation. However, to date, the First Nation has not responded. Nevertheless, the department will keep encouraging the First Nation to take advantage of certified oversight services.

Constance Lake

Constance Lake, with a registered population of 1,449 people, 711 on reserve, is situated about 40 kilometres northwest of Hearst. Its water problems date back to Nov.18, 2005 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of equipment malfunction. INAC evaluated the plant and found the necessary operation and maintenance work was not being done.

Progress to date: Constance Lake has been removed from the Priority Community category. The risk level for this community has been reduced from high to medium due to the work that has been done over the course of the year. The drinking water advisory was lifted July 2006. A contract with the Ontario Clean Water Agency was signed in May 2006 to provide certified oversight. As a result, operation and maintenance of the facilities has improved. A water treatability study is underway to identify the long-term solution, as the present plant does not meet current standards. The study has been completed, and a second phase study is underway and should be completed by August 2010.

Moose Deer Point

Moose Deer Point, with a registered population of 449 people, 208 on reserve, is situated on the O'Donnell Point peninsula in Georgian Bay north of Muskoka. Its water problems date back to 1998 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of significant deterioration in the source water quality as well as inadequate chlorination. INAC evaluated the system and found that the necessary operation and maintenance work was not being done, and the pump houses were substandard.

Progress to date: Moose Deer Point has been removed from the Priority Community category. As an interim solution, upgrades to the pumphouses were completed, and as a result, the drinking water advisory was lifted on December 19, 2007. The First Nation also receives funding from the Ontario Region's Safe Water Operations Program to assist with the oversight of the water treatment system. As part of Canada's Economic Action Plan (CEAP), a water treatment plant, distribution system and elevated reservoir tower is being constructed to provide the community with safe potable drinking water (see Appendix B). Construction will be complete by March 2011.

Northwest Angle No. 37

Northwest Angle No. 37, with a registered population of 336 people, 153 on reserve, is situated southeast of Kenora. Its water problems date back to 2002 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of inadequate chlorination. INAC evaluated the system and found that the chlorinator was malfunctioning, and there were problems with operation and maintenance work.

Progress to date: Northwest Angle No. 37 has been removed from the Priority Community category. The drinking water system is no longer high-risk since the First Nation hired an overall responsible operator to provide oversight of the water system. A drinking water advisory is still in place. Problems with the lake intake have caused high heterotrophic plate count and Health Canada recommends that the DWA remain in place with the new small temporary water treatment plant (Reverse Osmosis Unit) installed. A capital planning study is under way to define the parameters of a permanent water treatment plant, for which construction is scheduled to begin in 2010-11.

Ochiichagwe'babigo-ining

Ochiichagwe'babigo-ining, with a registered population of 329 people, 109 on reserve, is situated north of Kenora. Its water problems date back to 2004 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of equipment malfunction. INAC evaluated the system and found that the necessary operation and maintenance work was not being done.

Progress to date: Ochiichagwe'babigo-ining was removed from the Priority Community category. Certified oversight is now in place, and the drinking water advisory has been lifted. In addition, a new water treatment plant was opened in November 2006. The risk level for this community was reduced from high to low.

Kingfisher Lake

Kingfisher, with a registered population of 461 people, 429 on reserve, is situated about 500 kilometres north of Thunder Bay. Its water problems date back to 2004 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of equipment malfunction resulting in inadequate chlorination. The water system was evaluated and it was found that the necessary operation and maintenance work was not being done.

Progress to date: Kingfisher was removed from the Priority Community category. The relative risk associated with the Kingfisher Lake water treatment plant has been reduced due to the successful commissioning of an upgrade water treatment plant. An official Grand Opening Ceremony was held on September 9, 2009. Upgrades to the water treatment plant have resulted in consistent acceptable treated water quality results. Certified oversight is also being provided in the community.

Muskrat Dam

Muskrat Dam, with a registered population of 367 people, 213 on reserve, is situated in the Sioux Lookout District on the western shore of the Severn River. Its water problems date back to 2003 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of inadequate chlorination and a high turbidity.

Progress to date: Muskrat Dam Lake is still in the Priority Community category. INAC worked closely with the First Nation to complete the construction of a piped sewer and water system that resulted in all of the community being connected to a piped system. A diesel generating station upgrade and a new fuel storage tank farm were both substantially completed in November 2009. These projects ensure the provision of a safe and reliable electrical supply. In March 2009 the Department funded the First Nation $170,000 to replace the filter media and associated work. Funding for emergency bottled water was provided in May 2009. A reverse osmosis unit was installed at the Water Treatment Plan to give residents the option of obtaining this form of treated water. Terms of Reference still need to be developed to undertake a water plant upgrade. Recent Health Canada test results indicate the water treatment plant is capable of producing treated water within guidelines but presently requires significant operator involvement with the current treatment process.

Ontario Region is funding Safe Water Operations Program to engage certified oversight to manage the drinking water advisory for the period October 2009 to March 2010 and anticipates that this contract will be extended to March 2012 at an additional cost of $305,050. At a meeting with the band council on November 27, 2009 and subsequent meetings within INAC, the Department has agreed to fund a proposal to expand the role of Safe Water Operations Program to include the optimization of the treatment system. The optimization report and recommended work will provide enhancements to the existing treatment process. It is anticipated that these enhancements will result in the removal of the DWA.

Wabigoon Lake Ojibway

Wabigoon Lake Ojibway, with a registered population of 530 people, 153 on reserve, is situated east of Dryden. Its water problems date back to September 2005 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of equipment malfunction resulting in inadequate chlorination as well as high turbidity. INAC evaluated the system and found that the necessary operation and maintenance work was not being done.

Progress to date: Wabigoon Lake Ojibway was removed from the Priority Community category since the equipment was repaired. In addition, the DWA removal procedures were completed by the community which resulted in the drinking water advisory being lifted. INAC provided funding for certified oversight of water operations. The First Nation selected Northern Waterworks Inc. (NWI) as the service provider to provide certified oversight and a contract with NWI is in place. Health Canada water sampling on December 15, 2008 yielded results of no heterotrophic plate count and no E-coli. A meeting is scheduled between INAC and NWI to discuss operational efficiencies and minor capital works. The operator has received a Class II licence, however there is no backup operator identified in the community.

Alberta

Dene Tha'

Dene Tha' has a registered population of 2,493 people with 1,799 on reserve. It is located 812 kilometres northwest of Edmonton and has three primary reserves that are occupied by community members. Water problems in the community of Chateh were identified in 2005 when drinking water advisories were put in place because of unacceptable turbidity or particle counts.

INAC has evaluated the community water systems and determined that upgrades were required to the Chateh Water Treatment Plant and that operators needed training and certification. Long-term upgrades to the plant were reviewed and work is ongoing to address immediate needs.

Progress to date: The Chateh water plant at Dene Tha' was removed from the Priority Community category, however, it still remains as a high-risk system. The DWA was lifted in March 2007.

Pilot testing was completed on the Chateh Water Treatment Plant and reviews were completed to determine the long-term requirements. Construction was completed on a new raw water reservoir and the water intake pipe was also replaced. Repairs were also completed on the existing water plant, fire pump and water main to optimize the existing plant.

Cost estimates were updated and the design stage was completed. Funding was procured and the project was tendered and awarded. A contractor is on site and construction is scheduled to be completed by March 2011.

The new water system for Chateh is one of the infrastructure projects included in the $1.4 billion investment for Aboriginal peoples under Canada's Economic Action Plan (see Appendix B). The project will replace the existing water treatment plant.

Driftpile

Driftpile, with a registered population of 2,232 people, 778 on reserve, is situated about 300 kilometres northwest of Edmonton. The community water concerns date back to May 2005 when a drinking water advisory was put in place because of unacceptable turbidity levels in the water distribution system.

Progress to date: Driftpile was removed from the Priority Community category and the water system is now classified as low risk. A new water treatment plant was constructed and opened on October 11, 2006. When the treatment plant commenced operations, the drinking water advisory was immediately lifted.

The two-year warranty period was in place and a deficiency inspection took place in October 2008. Since then, the Alberta Region, the consultant and subcontractors have been working in partnership with the First Nation to correct identified deficiencies in the water treatment plant. Filter media have since been replaced and the region continues to address any outstanding O&M issues. Discussions have been ongoing regarding an increased level of manganese.

The First Nations Technical Services Advisory Group (TSAG) of Alberta provides the Circuit Rider Training Program for the operators and also provides oversight for the water treatment plant systems. The primary operator is preparing to write his Level III Certification which is equivalent to the classification of the water treatment plant.

Frog Lake

Frog Lake, with a registered population of 2,409 people, 1,415 on reserve, is situated about 245 kilometres east of Edmonton. Its water problems date back to July 2005 when a drinking water advisory was issued because of equipment malfunction resulting in inadequate chlorination.

In 2005-06, the Department evaluated the system and determined that plant repairs were required. Problems were also observed with the operation and maintenance of the system. The Department provided funding to the First Nation in 2006-07 to undertake the necessary repairs. The water intake pipeline was replaced that same year.

Progress to date: Frog Lake was removed from the Priority Community category since the repairs noted above took place and the risk level was reduced from high to medium. There is no drinking water advisory on the community water treatment plant at this time. A project to upgrade the water treatment plant, address deficiencies and optimize operations is expected to be completed by mid-spring. Alberta Region, the Contractor, First Nation and TSAG of Alberta are working to ensure safe drinking water is maintained, while working towards a feasibility study of best options for the First Nation for the long-term needs of the community. A water team has been formed with a commitment from the Chief and Council, Health Canada and the Department to work cooperatively and to jointly address the water issues in this community.

British Columbia

Semiahmoo

Semiahmoo, with a registered population of 77 people, 48 on reserve, is situated about 15 kilometres south of Surrey. Its water problems date back to October 2005 when the Drinking water advisory was put in place because of unacceptable microbiological quality. INAC evaluated the situation and found that a chlorination system was needed. Officials also found that the First Nation had allowed some businesses and homes to be connected without a permit or an inspection, thus creating a potential source of cross contamination.

Progress to date: Semiahmoo has been removed from the Priority Community category. The risk level for this community was reduced from high to medium due to the work that was done including the construction of the chlorination station. The First Nation's water system operator is certified to the level of the system. The First Nation is also assessing whether to enter into an operating agreement with a service provider for a back up operator. It is expected that the drinking water advisory will stay in place until the issue of unauthorized connections is resolved.

Shuswap

Shuswap, with a registered population of 230 people, 72 on reserve, is situated near Invermere. Its water problems date back to 2001 when the drinking water advisory was put in place because of inadequate disinfection or disinfectant residual and unacceptable microbiological quality. INAC evaluated the system and found that the operator was uncertified and the wells had been disconnected. This meant the First Nation drew water from another water source, which was untreated.

Progress to date: Shuswap was removed from the Priority Community category. The risk level for this community was reduced from high to medium due to the work that was done. The wells were reconnected and the operator was trained and certified. As a result, on November 9, 2006, the drinking water advisory was lifted, and the risk ranking was reduced.

Toqhaht

Toquaht, with a registered population of 118 people, 10 on reserve, is situated near Ucluet. Its water problems date back to 2002 when the drinking water advisory was put in place because of inadequate disinfection or disinfectant residual, unacceptable microbiological quality and operational issues. INAC evaluated the operation and found problems with the operation and maintenance work, no chlorination and that a new water source was required.

Progress to date: Toquaht was removed from the Priority Community category. The risk level for this community was reduced from high to medium due to the certification of the operator. A new groundwater source was identified. However, the First Nation has identified an alternate water source as a longer term option, which they have requested be investigated.

Canoe Creek

Canoe Creek, with a registered population of 662 people, 120 on reserve, is situated southwest of Williams Lake on the east shore of the Fraser River. Its water problems date back to 1999 when the drinking water advisory was put in place because of inadequate disinfection or disinfectant residual, unacceptable microbiological quality and operational issues. INAC evaluated the operation of the system and found that there was no disinfection and problems with the operation and maintenance work.

Progress to date: Canoe Creek was removed from the Priority Community category. The risk level for this community was reduced from high to medium due to the work that was done. A new water treatment plant was completed in the summer of 2008 and the drinking water advisory was lifted.

Lake Babine Nation - Community of Fort Babine

Fort Babine is one of three Lake Babine Nation communities with a total registered population of 2,200 people with 250 on the reserve, situated 100 kilometres north of Smithers. Its water problems date back to 1999 when the drinking water advisory was put in place because of inadequate disinfection or disinfectant residual, unacceptable microbiological quality and operational issues.

Progress to date: Lake Babine was removed from the Priority Community category. The risk level was reduced from high to medium as the treatment plant was formally commissioned in April 2008 and the operator achieved certification for both water treatment and water distribution. The treated drinking water currently meets all objectives of the Drinking Water Quality Guidelines

Toosey

Toosey, with a registered population of 276 people, 141 on reserve, is situated about 200 kilometres south of Prince George. Its water problems date back to 2004 when the drinking water advisory was put in place because of unacceptable microbiological quality and operational issues. INAC evaluated the operation of the system and found that the necessary operation and maintenance work was not being done.

Progress to date: Toosey was removed from the Priority Community category. The risk level for this community was reduced from high to medium due to the certification of the operator. INAC is working with the community to provide a new water treatment plant. Water treatment options are currently being investigated. It is anticipated that design work will be undertaken in 2010 and construction of the water treatment plant in 2011.

Yukon

Taku River Tlingit

Taku River Tlingit, with a registered population of 372 people, 83 on reserve, is situated in northern British Columbia. The community has two water systems, one piped system adjacent to the town of Atlin, and the other is a bulk water fill system at the 5-Mile. The 5-Mile and Townsite drinking water systems were identified as ‘high risk' in the 2002 National Assessment citing deficiencies in system design, operator training and need for a back up operator, as the primary risk factors.

Progress to date: Taku River Tlingit was removed from the Priority Community category. There is no longer a drinking water advisory in place for this community. The construction phase for both drinking water treatment plant upgrades began September 2007. The treatment plant commissioning is currently in progress. This will complete the required upgrades to bring the community's drinking water systems up to current Canadian standards. There are two certified operators on staff.

Canada's Economic Action Plan (CEAP) is providing $515 million over two years to support First Nations community infrastructure projects in three priority areas: schools, water and wastewater projects and critical community services infrastructure, such as health and police services facilities. The water and wastewater initiative is addressing health and safety priorities in 18 First Nations communities across Canada. It will also provide economic stimulus for many First Nations and rural areas through the generation of employment, the development of skilled trades and contracts for local small businesses. INAC is forecasting that total expenditures for the water and wastewater portion of the CEAP initiative will be approximately $183 million over two years.

Wagmatcook Sewage Treatment Plant / Stabilization Pond Replacement (NS)

There are two wastewater treatment plants currently in the community. The single cell lagoon which services the north end of the reserve was built in 1971 and designed to serve 100 people. It currently serves 150 people and a school. The studies have indicated this stabilization pond is considerably undersized for current flows. The second lagoon was constructed in 1993 with a design capacity of 120 homes. It consists of three cells, with the first two cells providing aeration and the third being a polishing cell. The stabilization pond is unable to meet the regulated discharge requirements for BOD, SS, and fecal coli forms. The aerated lagoon is also subject to overloading and requires upgrading to increase its capacity to meet projected demands. Both sewage treatment facilities are adjacent to sensitive eco-systems of the Bras d'Or Lakes and Middle River.

The project includes two Phases. Phase I is the upgrade of the existing aerated lagoon serving the south side of the community and Phase II is the construction of a new extended activated sludge system to replace the existing stabilization pond to serve the north side of the reserve.

Major Milestones:

Natuashish First Nation Sango Water Intake (N.L.)

Currently water is being supplied from a temporary well system that has high salinity content and poses a health risk to the community.

This project is a critical component to the health and welfare of the community. Currently the Mushuau Innu rely on a temporary water supply that just barely meets the quantity of water required and poses quality and possibly health risks to the community. The project includes construction to provide a permanent source of water which includes the construction of a fresh water intake from Sango Brook, approximately 800m upstream from Little Sango Pond, adjacent to the community. The permanent intake will extend 45m into Sango Pond and connect to the existing pump house located approximately 100m from the river's edge. From the pump house water will be pumped 4km to the treatment plant. With the exception of the intake channel, intake pipes and modifications to the existing pump house, the remaining components are existing and have been in service since 2002.

Major Milestones:

Sheshatshiu First Nation Sewage Treatment Plant (N.L.)

There is no current asset; the sewage effluent is discharged through a sewage outfall pipe directly into the mouth of the North West River.

The project includes the design and construction of a Sewage Treatment Facility and support infrastructure including a new treatment plant and installation and upgrades to the wastewater collection system.

Major Milestones:

Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg First Nation Global Water and Wastewater Project (QC)

At present time, the community is serviced by two different sources. The core or urban area is partially serviced by a municipal type infrastructure network and services are provided by the town of Maniwaki. The other portion of the community is under individual type systems (wells and septics) which in some cases present high concentrations of uranium and radium. To date, mitigation measures have been taken (bottled water) and specific interventions have been carried out to hook up certain sectors of the community to the municipal system of the town of Maniwaki. The town's capacity to service the community is limited.

Kitigan Zibi tabled a global proposal allowing for its own municipal network (water / wastewater) and hooking up as many buildings as possible. If the overall project exceeds the $10 million target, INAC will provide financial support over the next three years subject to funding availability.

Major Milestones:

Betsiamites First Nation Water Source and Treatment Plant (QC)

At present time the community is serviced by surface water from a source that presents high contamination risks. The actual treatment plant, although it provides good quality water, does not meet applicable standards and its capacity is limited.

This project is two-fold, first a new water source must be identified and its capacity evaluated. This new raw water source must be linked to the treatment facility. Second, the treatment facility must be rehabilitated and a new chain of treatment put in place which will meet or exceed standards and also meet growth requirements.

Major Milestones:

Kahnawake First Nation Water Treatment Plant and Reservoir Capacity (QC)

This community is serviced by its own municipal type network for water and waste water. Recent investments of $4 million were carried out in 2006-07 to address the distribution network and increase the reservoir capacity.

The project is to improve the treatment capacity as well as the reservoir capacity to meet the needs of the community and applicable standards. The engineering studies indicate that the existing treatment plant is outdated and no longer meets capacity requirements. The reservoir capacity must also be increased significantly to meet health and safety requirements. The design requirements are considerable this being one of our largest communities.

Major Milestones:

Moose Deer Point New Water Treatment Plant (ON)

Existing facility was commissioned in 1998. Interim water treatment project is to upgrade three existing pump houses at a total cost of $1,020,000 in 2007-2008.

Construction of a new water treatment plant, elevated reservoir, and distribution system will connect all 3 fragmented parcels of land which are separated by a wildlife nature reserve, hence providing safe, potable water to residents. The existing homes are located on three discontinuous parcels of land: Isaac Bay has 27 homes; Gordon Bay has 1 home; and King Bay has 39 homes. 77 homes will be served by the new water treatment plant. Future residential development will also be supported through this project.

Major Milestones:

Six Nations of the Grand River New Water Treatment Plant (ON)

Existing facilities commissioned in 1989. Installation of an Actifloc System (completed October 2009).

Construction of a new water supply and treatment plant sized to service the core area of the community (existing 301 homes) as well as future community growth of up to 600 new homes to be built in the Iron Horse subdivision.

Major Milestones:

Pinaymootang First Nation Lagoon Project (MB)

The existing lagoon at Pinaymootang First Nation was constructed in 1971 for the treatment of sewage from the school only. Currently, sewage from septic tanks and holding tanks in the community is being disposed of at the school lagoon. The school lagoon was not designed to handle this additional loading so it has become overloaded. Other than regular O&M funding, there is no major upgrades done to the lagoon.

The scope of this project is the planning, design and construction of a new facultative sewage lagoon, sewage forcemain, sewage pumping station, access road and the decommissioning of the existing school sewage lagoon. The project scope is based on the recommendations of the 2005 UMA (now AECOM) Sewer and Water Feasibility Study. Recently, the scope has been increased to include the sewage piped service to 38 housing units; this is reflected by the additional FNWWAP funds contribution. The total of homes to be serviced by piped sewage collection system is to increase from 170 to 208 by 31 March 2010. The on reserve population is 1,250 as per December 2009. The lagoon will be designed for the 20 year population projection but only constructed for 10 years.

Major Milestones:

War Lake - Water Treatment and Sewage Treatment Plants Upgrade (MB)

The Existing Water Treatment Plant (built in 1998) provides 3.2 litres/sec of chlorination water to the town site. Sewage is treated by a 45,000 litres/day Bioclear sewage treatment plant constructed in 1994. Facilities have surpassed their operational and design capacities.

The current project consists of the design and construction of the upgrades to the existing water plant which is severely overloaded and does not meet the current Canadian Drinking Water Standards, installation of a new water intake line with an infiltration gallery and the decommissioning of the existing water intake line.

Construction of the lagoon facility is to be funded by Manitoba Aboriginal & Northern Affairs in future years as the second phase of the project.

Major Milestones:

Norway House Cree Nation - New Lagoon Project (MB)

The existing lagoon on Norway House Cree Nation (NHCN) is overloaded and has exceeded its treatment capacity. The lagoon was constructed in 1988 and designed for a population of approximately 3,000. In 2004 a Water & Sewer Upgrade and Expansion Project was implemented to provide water and sewer services and fire protection for the new K4 to Grade 12 School. With this project, the First Nation was able to install aerators on the surface of the lagoon to increase the treatment capacity until funding was available to construct a new lagoon.

The scope of this project is to design and construct a new sewage treatment facility and associated works for the NHCN community. The on reserve population of NHCN is 5,265 and there are 1,104 houses in the community.

Major Milestones:

Black Lake First Nation New Lagoon Project (SK)

The exiting lagoon was constructed in 1994. The pre-design report indicates that the lagoon is operating above capacity. The secondary cell was designed as an exfiltration cell, but is now starting to hold water. Sewage releases were done in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007. The location of the lagoon is also within 600 m of the community core area which is within the recommended parameters.

A feasibility study completed by the First Nation's engineering consultant recommends a new facultative lagoon on a new site and decommissioning of the existing lagoon. The lagoon will be designed to service 2,965 people based on a 20 year projection with 3.5% annual growth. The current population of Black Lake is 1,489 people.

Major Milestones:

Fond du Lac First Nation New Lagoon Project (SK)

The exiting lagoon constructed in 1998, consists of a modified primary cell and two slow-sand filters. Both sand filters are inoperable, despite unsuccessful attempts to repair in 2007. The location of the lagoon is also within 600m of the community core area which is within the recommended parameters.

A letter from Environment Canada strongly recommends constructing a new facultative lagoon and decommissioning of the existing lagoon. A feasibility study completed by the First Nation's engineering consultant confirms this recommendation. The lagoon will be designed to service 1,630 people based on a 20 year projection with 2.8% annual growth. The current population of Fond du Lac is 938 people.

Major Milestones:

Whitefish Lake - Wastewater Treatment System (AB)

Existing system consists of a non functioning Rotating Biological Contractor, an evaporative lagoon and an evaporation mound. There are environmental concerns in regards to the capacity and operation of the entire system. Whitefish Lake First Nation, Environment Canada, Health Canada and INAC are working collaboratively to address urgent environmental, health and safety issues resulting from the non functioning system.

Project scope shall replace/upgrade the waste water treatment system to meet current environmental and health standards while fulfilling the needs of the community.

Major Milestones:

Saddle Lake - Water Treatment Plant (AB)

Existing water treatment plant has capacity issues and is no longer capable of meeting the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality. A temporary membrane plant has been put in place to ensure a constant supply of potable water while the final solution is being developed.

The scope of work for the project includes all tasks, functions and technical services required for the design, construction and successful commissioning of the proposed Saddle Lake Water Treatment Plant. This project will upgrade the existing water treatment plant to an anticipated Class IV facility.

Major Milestones:

Dene Tha' (Chateh community) - Water Treatment Plant (AB)

Water treatment plant in place has capacity issues and is no longer capable of meeting the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality. One of 21 high risk plants previously identified. Work has been completed in the existing plant to remove Drinking Water Advisory and ensure constant supply of safe drinking water. Also, the upgrading of water reservoirs and distribution systems outside of the plant has been completed in recent years.

The scope of work consists of, but is not limited to design, tender, construction, landscaping, underground utilities, tie-into utilities, power supply, power poles, permits, easements, right-of-way, legal plans, environmental impact assessment and risk assessment.

Major Milestones:

Tla-o-qui-aht First Nation Community Development Project (BC)

Currently there are no infrastructure assets on the Esowista Indian Reserve #3 as the land was added to reserve in 2007 through the Additions to Reserve process.

The project will include construction of new lots and associated civil infrastructure, updated water supply system and new sewage disposal system connecting to the Regional District system. These civil works are suitably-sized for a subdivision, health center, fire hall, and community building.

Major Milestones:

Kamloops First Nation Waste Water Collection System (BC)

The existing utilities includes a wastewater collection system and lift station connected to the City of Kamloops waste water system for 260 economic development homes, and band administration buildings, and band school (presently at capacity). There is 359 economic development homes on individual septic fields, 129 band homes on individual septic systems and 219 commercial and industrial businesses on individual septic systems.

The current project is to include 10km of trunk gravity sewer line, 2.0km of force main sewer and two new sewage lift stations to provide services to the existing 114 band homes, band administration building, and band school. The trunk system will also immediately accommodate 30 commercial sites and 260 economic development homes.

Major Milestones: